االستثمار في نينوى يعني االستثمار للمستقبل

Transcription

1 Report No: 117, April 2012 INVEST TO MOSUL INVEST TO FUTURE MUSUL A YATIRIM GELECEĞE YATIRIM DEMEKTİR االستثمار في نينوى يعني االستثمار للمستقبل CENTER Ortadoğu FOR MIDDLE Stratejik EASTERN Araştırmalar STRATEGIC Merkezi STUDIES ORTADOĞU Center for STRATEJİK Mıddle Eastern ARAŞTIRMALAR Strategıc MERKEZİ Studıes مركز الشرق األوسط للدراسات االستراتيجية

2 INVEST TO MOSUL INVEST TO FUTURE MUSUL A YATIRIM GELECEĞE YATIRIM DEMEKTİR االستثمار في نينوى يعني االستثمار للمستقبل Report No: 117 April 2012 ISBN: Ankara - TURKEY 2012 Content of this report is copyrighted to. Except reasonable and partial quotation and exploitation under the Act No. 5846, Law on Intellectual and Artistic Works, via proper citation, may not be used or re-published without prior permission by. Assessments expressed in this report reflect only the opinions of its authors and do not represent the instiutional opinion of.

3 center for mıddle eastern strategıc studıes Strategıc Informatıon Management and Indepentdent Thought Productıon History In Turkey, the shortage of research on the Middle East grew more conspicuous than ever during the early 90 s. Center for Middle Eastern Strategic Studies () was established in January 1, 2009 in order to provide relevant information to the general public and to the foreign policy community. The institute underwent an intensive structuring process, beginning to concentrate exclusively on Middle affairs. Outlook on the Middle Eastern World It is certain that the Middle East harbors a variety of interconnected problems. However, neither the Middle East nor its people ought to be stigmatized by images with negative connotations. Given the strength of their populations, Middle Eastern states possess the potential to activate their inner dynamics in order to begen peaceful mobilizations for development. Respect for people s willingness to live together, respect for the sovereign right of states and respect for basic human rights and individual freedoms are the prerequisities for assuring peace and tranquility, both domesticalhly and internationally. In this context, Turkey must continue to make constructive contributions to the establishment of regional stability and prosperity in its vicinity. s Think-Tank Research, provides the general public and decision-making organizations with enlightening information about international politics in order to promote a healtier understanding of international policy issues and to help them to adopt appropriate positions. In order to present effective solutions, supports high quality research by intellectuals and researchers that are competent in a variety of disciplines. s strong publishing capacity türansmits meticulous analyses of regional developments and trends to the interested parties. With its web site, its books, reports, and periodicals, supports the development of Middle Eastern literature on a national and international scale. supports the development of Middle Eastern literature on a national and international scala. facilitates the sharing of knowledge and ideas with the Turkish and international communities by inviting statesmen, bureaucrats, academics, strategicts, businessmen, journalists, and NGO representatives to Turkey. * is a member of the The Middle East Studies Association (MESA).

4 Assist. Prof. Dr. Serhat ERKMEN Serhat Erkmen, who was born in 1975 in İstanbul, graduated from Ankara University Faculty of Political Science Department of International Relations. He completed his master s degree and doctoral study at Ankara University Institute of Social Sciences. Working as Middle East Researcher in Center for Eurasian Strategic Studies between the years , Erkmen has been working as Middle East Advisor since Also, Erkmen has been Head of Department of International Relations at Kırşehir Ahi Evran University since 2009.

5 Contents Presentation...5 Executive Summary...7 Investment Opportunities in Mosul...8 Basic Information About Mosul...8 Why Should Invest in Mosul?...8 Where to Invest in Mosul?...10 Investment Facilities and Incentives...11 Some Important Statistics on Mosul...12

6 PRESENTATION Mosul, which is one of the most important provinces of Iraq, has been struggling to o- vercome the post-invasion problems. Mosul, which is the second largest and important Iraqi city after Baghdad in terms of population, economy, political impact, educational status and also in many other aspects, could not get the attention it deserved. The fact that security problem, which Mosul that is also one of the leading intellectual centers of the country since the establishment of Iraq drifted into, started to be overcome launched a new period for the city. Although security situation created a disadvantage for Mosul until recently, it can be suggested that the security problem in Mosul has currently been overcome to a large extent. In addition to this, the increasing political stability since 2009 and the settlement among the most powerful actors of Mosul Province makes the area convenient for investment. Its 3.5 million population, large agricultural lands, thousands of years of commercial experience, rich natural resources and its strategic geographical position would turn Mosul into one of the most important investment areas of Iraq. Mosul also takes its share from distrustful outlooks of foreign investors towards Iraq. While Mosul, or alias Nineveh Province, expects to receive foreign investors from other countries in order to overcome economic problems and unemployment which is its biggest problem; the sympathy of Mosul population towards Turkey increases the chance of success for the Turkish companies in this region. This short study was put down on paper to outline the general situation in Mosul, which is located right beside Turkey and could turn into a great investment center in the near future. In this context, team went to Mosul, made observations in the field, and talked to leading economic circles of the city. As a result of these, this short study outlining the economic situation and investment opportunities in Mosul came out. Lastly, we believe that publishing this study before the Nineveh Investment Conference to be carried out in İstanbul between 2-3 May 2012 would be good. Hasan Kanbolat Director

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8 Report No: 117, April 2012 Hazırlayan: Assist. Prof. Dr. Serhat ERKMEN Advisor, Middle East Ahi Evran University, Department of IR INVEST TO MOSUL INVEST TO FUTURE Executive Summary Nineveh, whose provincial capital is Mosul that is the second largest province of Iraq, has been in search of opening up to the world again after a long period of recession. Mosul, which has a young, dynamic, intellectual population, has set off on a quest to develop. Nineveh Province, which is composed of 9 districts and 21 sub-districts, is also generally known as Mosul Province due to the name of Mosul, chief city of the province. In the province with some 3,5 million population in total, there is a young and dynamic population. Mosul, where security problem has been solved to a great extent, has become a significant center of trade besides becoming a cultural and historical center as well. In Nineveh, where more than 2000 industrial and trade organizations are found, a strong trade culture has been developed with the influence of thousands of years of experience and habitudes. Mosul is a sister city, which offers great investment opportunities and which has been undiscovered and waiting to sincerely receive Turkish businessmen with open arms Mosul provides major transportation facilities through its strategic geography. There are various means of transportation from Turkey to Mosul, which is situated on the intersection point of Iraq, Turkey and Syria. Mosul is one of the most important agricultural city of Iraq. With its extensive irrigation opportunities, fertile lands and traditions dating back to centuries, Mosul provides a major raw material resource for investments to be made in food industry. Mosul provides skilled and unskilled cheap labor opportunity. 8. Economic conditions in I- raq and lack of sufficient investment for years leads to a major unemployment in the country. According to the official figures, the unemployment rate reaching 30 % leads both skilled and unskilled labour to cost cheap. 7 Report No: 117, April 2012

9 INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITIES IN MOSUL: Bro ürün Ba l : Musul a Yat r m Gelece e Yat r m Demektir BASIC INFORMATION ABOUT MOSUL The Nineveh Province, which is located in the northwest of Iraq, is situated on the borders of Turkey and Syria. The center of Nineveh Province, which shares a long borderline with Syria, is approximately 100 km. away from the Turkish border. Nineveh Province, which is composed of 9 districts and 21 sub-districts, is also generally known as Mosul Province due to the name of Mosul, chief city of the province. In the province with some 3,5 million population in total, there is a young and dynamic population. In Mosul, about which a negative table was drawn in the world press because of the security problems between the years , a considerable amelioration has been made in the field of security for the past three years. Mosul, where security problem has been solved to a great extent, has become a significant center of trade besides becoming a cultural and historical center as well. In Nineveh, where more than 2000 industrial and trade organizations are found, a strong trade culture has been developed with the influence MUSUL DA YATIRIM OLANAKLARI: of thousands of years of experience and habitudes. The Tigris River, which runs through Nineveh, whose provincial capital is Mosul Irak n that is ikinci the büyük second kenti largest olan Musul un province ba kenti of Iraq, oldu u Mosul Ninova that uzun is süren a city bir durgunluk where historical trade döneminden has been in sonra search yeniden of opening dünyaya up to aç lman n the world yollar n routes aramaktad r. intersect for Genç, thousands dinamik, of years, vitalize the city. Tigris River, which vitalizes and again after a long period of recession. Mosul, which has a young, dynamic, intellectual creates incredible natural beauties wherever entelektüel bir nüfusa sahip olan Musul kalk nman n yollar n aramaktad r. Musullulara göre kalk nman n population, en has temel set off yolu on Türkiye a quest ile to daha develop. yak n ekonomik it passes ili kilere through, sahip forms olmaktan the basis of agricultural ve activities i birli i olanaklar in the city. aray na In addition to the geçmektedir. People in Mosul Bu nedenle, believe yüzünü that the Türkiye ye best way çevirmi to girmi tir. develop Bu is to nedenle, establish 2-3 May s closer 2012 economic tarihlerinde rela- stanbul dtions with Turkey. So that, Mosul turned to- also thanks to big irrigation channels, there is water resource gerçekle ecek provided olan Ninova by the Tigris River, Yat r m Konferans uzun y llar boyunca devam edecek ve Musul ile dünyan n geri kalan wards Turkey and set off on a quest of cooperation kal c opportunities bir köprü kuracak with her. ili kilerin Therefore, ilk ad m the olarak Province görülmektedir. with large agricultural areas. an agricultural area of km² in Nineveh aras nda Nineveh Investment Conference to be held in İstanbul between the dates 2-3 May 2012 is WHY SHOULD INVEST IN MOSUL? considered to be the first step of relations that MUSUL A will last for L K N many TEMEL more B LG LER years and that will 1- Mosul is a sister city, which offers great serve as a permanent bridge between Mosul investment opportunities and which has and the rest of the world. been undiscovered and waiting to sincerely receive Turkish businessmen with open arms: As Mosul has not received investment 8 Report No: 117, April 2012

10 bir ticaret kültürü geli mi tir. Binlerce y ld r tarihi ticaret yollar n n kesi ti i bir ehir olan Musul un içinden geçen Dicle Nehri ehre hayat vermektedir. Geçti i yerlere hayat veren ve doyulmaz do al güzellikler olu turan Dicle Nehri ehirdeki tar m faaliyetlerinin de temelini olu turmaktad r. Dicle Nehri nin sa lad su kayna n n yan s ra büyük sulama kanallar INVEST TO MOSUL INVEST TO FUTURE sayesinde geni tar m alanlar na sahip olan Ninova Vilayeti nde km lik bir tar msal alan bulunmaktad r. intersection point of Iraq, Turkey and Syria. Turkish Airlines have direct flights between İstanbul and Mosul during 4 days (Tuesday, Thursday, Friday and Sunday) per week. In addition to this, there are flights between Mosul and Baghdad during 2 days (Wednesday- Sunday) per week. Besides, land transportation is extremely easy and safe. There is also opportunity to reach Mosul from our country through railway transportation. for a long time, it is need of being invested in every aspect. Being one of the most important cities of the Middle East, Mosul has just been opening up to the outside world. Going to Mosul, where foreign companies has not reached yet, before other companies would mean investing not only in today but also to the future. 2- Mosul has a fast growing, young and dynamic population structure: Mosul, whose 50% of the population is composed of youth under the age of 18, offers a major market potential. 3- Mosul is one of the biggest education centers of Iraq: University of Mosul, which the second largest university of Iraq, has graduated many well-known engineers, doctors and scientists for many years. Educated population offers a big resource in terms of skilled labour that investor might need. In addition to this, Research Centers, which were established within the University of Mosul, have the enough capacity to produce basis for research projects that can promote investments. 4- Mosul provides major transportation facilities through its strategic geography: There are various means of transportation from Turkey to Mosul, which is situated on the 5- Mosul is an industrial city: Mosul is the second largest industrial city of Iraq with its more than 1500 large and small companies. Mosul, which is in need of foreign investor s attention to be able to activate its capacity that has remained idle for a long time, is open up to investment in many fields such as cement, brick, textile in particular. 6- Mosul draws attention with its natural resources: Mosul, which has important and strategic resources such as oil, natural gas and sulphur, will become one of the most important cities of the whole Middle East within the next ten years. 7- Mosul is one of the most important agricultural city of Iraq: With its extensive irrigation opportunities, fertile lands and traditions dating back to centuries, Mosul provides a major raw material resource for investments to be made in food industry. 8- Mosul provides skilled and unskilled cheap labor opportunity: Economic conditions in Iraq and lack of sufficient investment for years leads to a major unemployment in the country. According to the official figures, the unemployment rate reaching 30 % leads both skilled and unskilled labour to cost cheap. 9- Mosul is an important tourism city: Mosul, which embodies many archaeological artifacts due to its thousands of years of history, grabs the attention through its natural beauties as well. Incredible sceneries brought 9 Report No: 117, April 2012

11 10 5. out Musul through bir areas sanayi irrigated kentidir: by Tigris 1500 den provide fazla tunities irili for ufakl other fabrikas yla food products Musul as well. Irak n On en büyük an important tourism potential to the city. the other hand, besides the agricultural lands ikinci In addition sanayi to this, kentidir. Mosul Uzun is also süredir a religious at l duran in the city, kapasitesini vast potential harekete of livestock geçirebilmek creates için d yat r mc n n tourism city. There ilgisine are ihtiyaç places and duyan tombs Musul of productive çimento, areas tu la, for tekstil sectors ba ta such as olmak milk and üzere birçok many prominent religious figures, the Tomb milk products, leather and wool etc. alanda of Prophet yat r ma Jonah aç kt r. in particular. The fact that tourism infrastructure of the city is not developed despite all these tourism opportunities TOURISM 6. causes Musul, to a do al major need kaynaklar and opportunity ile dikkat for çekmektedir: Despite having Petrol, the potential do al of gaz, being sülfür, one of kükürt gibi investments to be made on tourism in Mosul. the most important tourism cities of Iraq, insufficiency of facilities prevents this potential önemli ve stratejik kaynaklara sahip olan Musul bu özellikleriyle gelecek on y l içinde tüm Ortado u nun WHERE TO INVEST en önemli IN kentlerinden MOSUL? birisi of haline Mosul gelecektir. from being put into practice. The most important deficiency of Mosul, where FOOD transportation problem does not exist in 7. Musul, Irak n en önemli tar m kentlerinden terms of birisidir: geography, Geni is the sulama lack of olanaklar, sufficient verimli Mosul offers a major potential in terms of number of safe, comfortable and modern facilities. Musul Mosul, g da which alan nda is open yap lacak to a substantial yat r mlar için arazileri viniculture ve and yüzy llarca horticulture y ll k as well gelenekleriyle as cereal büyük products bir in hammadde its agricultural kayna lands. sa lamaktad r. While cereal production, made in many areas of the ties for Turkey and Turkish businessmen due tourism investment, offers great opportuni- province, provides investment opportunities to their cultural intimacy and social relationship. in food sector and flour companies in particular; horticulture provides investment oppor- 8. Musul, nitelikli ve niteliksiz ucuz i gücü olana sa lamaktad r: Irak taki ekonomik artlar ve y llard r yeterli yat r m n gelmemesi ülkede büyük bir i sizlik yaratmaktad r. Resmi rakamlara göre %30 lara varan i sizlik oran hem nitelikli hem de niteliksiz i gücünün ucuza malolmas na neden olmaktad r. Report No: 117, April 2012

12 9. Musul önemli bir turizm kentidir: Binlerce y ll k tarihinin etkisiyle pekçok arkeolojik esere sahip olan Musul do al güzellikleriyle de dikkat çekicidir. Dicle nin sulad alanlar n getirdi i doyumsuz manzaralar ehre önemli bir turizm potansiyeli kazand rmaktad r. Tüm bunlara ek olarak Musul tam bir dinsel turizm ehridir. Ba ta Hz. Yunus Peygamber in mezar INVEST TO MOSUL INVEST TO FUTURE olmak üzere ehirde pekçok önemli din büyü ünün kabirleri ve mekanlar bulunmaktad r. Tüm bu turizm olanaklar na ra men ehrin turizm altyap s n n geli memi olmas Musul da turizm konusunda yap lacak yat r mlar için büyük bir ihtiyaç ve f rsat yaratmaktad r. coming to Iraq. These facilities and incentives are listed as follows: CONSTRUCTION MUSUL DA HANG ALANLARA YATIRIM YAPILAB L R? GIDA Mosul, which has been going through infrastructure deficiency for years, has not overcome the impacts of war yet. The city has a major infrastructure need; such as traffic, housing and sewage system in particular. The aç s ndan verimli sahalar yaratmaktad r. fast-growing population creates new housing TUR ZM requirements. In Mosul, which is one of the most populous cities in Iraq, safe, modern, comfortable settlement complexes. It is foreseen that Mosul will turn into a construction yard within a few years in parallel with the enrichment of Iraq. It might be suggested that pioneering companies in the sector will have substantial advantages. Musul, sahip oldu u tar m alanlar nda tah l ürünleri kadar ba ve bahçecilik aç s ndan da büyük bir potansiyel sunmaktad r. Vilayetin pekçok yerinde yap lan tah l üretimi ba ta un fabrikalar olmak üzere g da sektöründe yat r ma olanak sa larken bahçecilik de di er g da maddeleri aç s ndan yat r m imkan sa lamaktad r. Öte yandan, ehirdeki tar m alanlar na ek olarak geni hayvanc l k potansiyeli süt ve süt ürünleri, dericilik, yün vb. gibi sektörler It is observed that bridge crossing and road construction works are needed in lots of points; as the Tigris River, which passes through the city, causes to traffic congestion in many areas. Besides, there is a considerable deficiency of sewerage infrastructure in the city as well as throughout Iraq. In the forthcoming period, there will be great opportunities for Turkish companies in the process of eliminating infrastructure needs of the city. INVESTMENT FACILITIES AND INCENTIVES In accordance with the law, which entered in force in 2007 and constitutes the basis of Regional Investment Commissions that were created within the frame of National Investment Commission; certain facilities and incentives are provided for foreign investors * Transferring profit and capital abroad, * Right to carry out transactions (in security and stock market) in Iraqi exchange market, * Leasing or assigning lands, required for investment, to the investors for 50 years (extendable) under favorable conditions, * Right to ensure a project to a local or foreign insurance company, * Opening an account in foreign or local currency in Iraqi banks for the projects approved by the investment board. In addition to the above-mentioned points, the following additional opportunities are given to companies that once receive investment license: * Assets imported for expansion, development and modernization of investment are exempted from customs duty, * Assets imported for expanding the investment capacity are exempted from customs duty and other fees, * The spare parts imported within the scope of project are exempt from tax on condition that their value does not pass 20 % of their asset value, * Certain additional customs duty exemptions are made in importation of furniture, furnishing and etc. for hotels, touristic buildings, hospitals, healthcare organizations, rehabilitation centers, educational and scientific institutions. The Nineveh Province provides certain additional opportunities for investors in addition to the aforesaid points within the frame of general investment Law in Iraq. The most 11 Report No: 117, April 2012

13 outstanding points among those are listed as follows: * Exemption from income tax provided for 10 or more years for the companies that would like to make an investment * Leasing or assigning investment lands for 50 years, In addition to this, the following assurances are given to foreign investors by the Iraqi government within the same law: * Foreign employees might be recruited in case Iraqi employees with required skills cannot be found, * Great convenience is provided for foreign employees working in Iraq in obtaining residence permit as well as in entry into and exit from the country, * As long as no opposite verdict is reached, it is guaranteed that investment shall not be nationalized partly or as a whole. * Non-Iraqi employees might transfer their earnings abroad. Some Important Statistics on Mosul EXPENSE INDEXES IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY BETWEEN (100 =1988) Grup Years General Index Basic Metal Industry Non-metal Industry Petroleum Industry Chemical Industry Wood and Paper Textile and Shoe Beverage and Tobacco Food Product Industry Weight * * * General Index of the year 2003, and indexes for alcoholic beverages and tobacco groups PRICE INDEX OF CONSTRUCTION PRODUCTS USED BY PRIVATE SECTOR BETWEEN General Index Others Sanitary Installation Electrical Installation Window Doors Iron Faience General Index Weight * * Indexes based on bulding and construction industry reports Report No: 117, April 2012

14 INVEST TO MOSUL INVEST TO FUTURE PRICE INDEX OF CONSTRUCTION PRODUCTS USED BY PRIVATE SECTOR BETWEEN (CONTINUATION) Years Gypsum Cement Gravel Sand Stone Block Brick Weight * STATUS OF TOURISM FACILITIES BY PROVINCES IN 2007 PROVINCE Total Tourism Facility Number of Rooms For Customers Others Number of Beds Number of Occupied Beds Number of Customers MOSUL KIRKUK DIYALA ANBAR BAGHDAD BABEL KARBALA WASIT SALAHADDIN NAJAF QADISIYAH MUSANNA ZIQAR MISAN BASRA Report No: 117, April 2012

15 NUMBER OF BUILDING LICENCE AND ESTIMATED COSTS FOR PRIVATE SECTOR BY PROVINCES AND BUILDING TYPES IN 2008 MAINTENANCE REMODEL OUTBUILDING NEW BUILDING VİLAYET COST (000 IRAQI D.) NUMBER OF BUILDING COST (000 IRAQI D.) NUMBER OF BUILDING COST (000 IRAQI D.) NUMBER OF BUILDING COST (000 IRAQI D.) NUMBER OF BUILDING MUSUL KERKÜK DİYALA ANBAR BAĞDAT BABİL KERBELA VASİT SELAHADDİN NECEF KADISİYE MUSENNA ZİKAR MEYSAN BASRA KÜRT BÖLGESİ: DUHOK ERBİL SÜLEYMANİYE Toplam FACTORS DISTURBING DWELLERS IN THE AREA (%) City Puddles Waste and Pollution Fly and Insect Noise Stink Dust Smoke and Gas 44,4 19,7 36,6 10,4 13,5 26 9,5 Food Strategy Statistics of Mosul Rate of Households Eating Three Meals or More Meals a Day Rate of Households Preferring To Pay Cash Rate of Portion of Food Preferred in Household Rate of Non-iodized Salt Used in Household Strategy Index % 99.2 %12.7 %87.3 %36.7 % Report No: 117, April 2012

16 INVEST TO MOSUL INVEST TO FUTURE NEW DYNAMICS IN LOCAL AND IRAQI POLITICS IN MOSUL (FIELD STUDY) ACADEMIC STAFF Hasan Kanbolat Prof. Dr. Hayati Aktaş Assoc. Prof. Dr. Hasan Ali Karasar Assoc. Prof. Dr. Tarık Oğuzlu Asst. Prof. Dr. Mehmet Şahin Assoc. Prof. Dr. Harun Öztürkler Assoc. Prof. Dr. Özlem Tür Habib Hürmüzlü Asst. Prof. Dr. Serhat Erkmen Asst. Prof. Dr. Canat Mominkulov Asst. Prof. Dr. Bayram Sinkaya Dr. Abdullah Alshamri Dr. Neslihan Kevser Çevik Dr. Didem Danış Dr. Jale Nur Ece Dr. İlyas Kamalov Dr. Yaşar Sarı Dr. Bayram Sinkaya Dr. Süreyya Yiğit Att. Aslıhan Erbaş Açıkel (LL.M.) Hamburg Fazıl Ahmet Burget Volkan Çakır Esra Demir Bilgay Duman Ogün Duru Noyan Gürel Selen Tonkuş Kareem Oytun Orhan Sercan Doğan Nebahat Tanriverdi Uğur Çil Leyla Melike Koçgündüz Göknil Erbaş Aslı Değirmenci Ufuk Döngel Jubjana Vila Mavjuda Akramova Water Research Programme Dr. Tuğba Evrim Maden Dr. Seyfi Kılıç Kamil Erdem Güler Çağlayan Arslan ADVISORY BOARD Dr. Ismet Abdulmecid Prof. Dr. Hayati Aktaş Dr. Abdullah Alshamri Hasan Alsancak Prof. Dr. Meliha Benli Altunışık Prof. Dr. Ahat Andican Prof. Dorayd A. Noori Prof. Dr. Tayyar Arı Prof. Dr. Ali Arslan Başar Ay Prof. Dr. Mustafa Aydın Assoc. Prof. Dr. Ersel Aydınlı Assoc. Prof. Dr. Veysel Ayhan Prof. Dr. Hüseyin Bağcı Itır Bağdadi Prof. Dr. İdris Bal Assist. Prof. Dr. Ersan Başar Kemal Beyatlı Barbaros Binicioğlu Prof. Dr. Ali Birinci Assoc. Prof. Dr. Mustafa Budak Dr. Hasan Canpolat Ret. (Air) Gen. Ergin Celasin Assoc. Prof. Dr. Mitat Çelikpala Prof. Dr. Gökhan Çetinsaya Dr. Didem Danış Esra Demir Prof. Dr. Volkan Ediger Prof. Dr. Cezmi Eraslan Prof. Dr. Çağrı Erhan Asst. Prof. Dr. Serhat Erkmen Director Trabzon Represantative, Karadeniz Technical University Department of International Relations Advisor, Eurasian Strategies Coordinator - Bilkent University Advisor, Middle East Antalya International University Department of Political Science and IR Advisor, Middle East - Gazi University, Department of IR Advisor, Middle East Economies - Afyon Kocatepe University, Department of Economics Advisor, Middle East - METU, Department of IR Advisor, Middle East Advisor, Middle East -Ahi Evran University, Department of IR Researcher, Middle East Al Farabi Kazakh National University Advisor, Middle East Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Department of IR Advisor, Middle East Riyadh Representative Advisor, Middle East - METU, Department of IR Advisor, Middle East - Galatasaray University, Department of Sociology Advisor, Maritime Safety and Security Advisor, Eurasia Advisor, Eurasia - Bishkek Represantative, Kyrgyzstan-Turkey Manas University Advisor, Middle East - Atatürk University Advisor, Eurasia Advisor, Energy-Maritime Law Advisor, Middle East - Afghanistan Advisor, Africa - Antananarivo (Madagascar) Representative Advisor, Middle East Researcher, Middle East Managing Editor İzmir Represatative Erbil (Iraq) Represantative Researcher, Middle East Research Assistant, Middle East Research Assistant, Middle East Research Assistant, Middle East Research Assistant, Middle East & Projects Research Assistant, Black Sea Research Assistant, Middle East Research Assistant, Middle East Research Assistant, Middle East Research Assistant, Middle East Water Research Programme Hydropolitics Researcher Water Research Programme Hydropolitics Researcher Water Research Programme Research Assistant Water Research Programme Research Assistant Former President of Iraqi Council of State Trabzon Represantative, Karadeniz Technical University Department of International Relations Advisor, Middle East Riyadh Representative BP & BTC Turkey, Energy Security Director METU, Director of Institute of Social Sciences Former Minister & Istanbul University Vice-Undersecretary in Iraq s Embassy in Ankara Uludağ University, Head of Department of International Relations Istanbul University, Department of History General Secretary, Turkish Textile Employers Association President of Kadir Has University Vice-President of Bilkent University, Fulbright Executive Director Advisor, Middle East - Abant Izzet Baysal University, Department of IR METU, Head of Department of International Relations İzmir Economy University, Department of International Relations and European Union Member of Parliament in the 24th Legislative Term of Grand National Assembly of Turkey Karadeniz Techinical University, Maritime Transportation and Management Engineering Head of Iraqi Turkman Press Council Advisor, Middle Eastern Economies Police Academy Deputy Director General in Prime Ministerial State Archives Deputy Undersecretary of Turkish Ministry of Interior 23rd Commander of Air Forces Kadir Has University, Head of Deparment of International Relations President of The Council of Higher Education Advisor, Immigration Studies & Iraqi Refugees, Galatasary Uni., Dep. of Sociology Advisor, Middle East İzmir Economy University, Department of Economics President of Atatürk Research Center, Istanbul University, Department of History Ankara University, Faculty of Political Science, Department of IR & Director of ATAUM Middle East Advisor, Ahi Evran Uni., Head of the Dep. of Int. Relations Report No: 117, April Report No: 121, May

17 Dr. Amer Hasan Fayyadh Baghdad University, Dean of Political Sciences Faculty (Iraq) Aslıhan Erbaş Açıkel (LL.M.) Hamburg) Advisor, Energy-Maritime Law Cevat Gök Turkey Represantative of Iraqi Al Fırat TV Mete Göknel Former Director of Petroleum Pipeline Corporation (BOTAŞ) Osman Göksel BTC & NABUCCO Coordinator Timur Göksel Beirut American University (Lebanon) Prof. Muhamad Al Hamdani Cultural Undersecretary in Iraq s Embassy in Ankara Numan Hazar Retired Ambassador Habib Hürmüzlü Middle East Advisor Assoc. Prof. Dr. Pınar İpek Bilkent University, Department of International Relations Dr. Tuğrul İsmail TOBB University of Economics & Technology, Department of International Relations Dr. İlyas Kamalov Eurasia Advisor Assoc. Prof. Dr. Hasan Ali Karasar Advisor, Eurasian Strategies Coordinator - Bilkent University Assoc.Prof.Dr. Şenol Kantarcı Kırıkkale University, Department of International Relations Selçuk Karaçay Deputy Director, Vodafone (Turkey) Assoc. Prof. Dr. Nilüfer Karacasulu Dokuz Eylül University, Department of International Relations İsmet Karalar Advisor to Mayor of Edremit/Balıkesir Prof.Dr. M. Lütfullah Karaman Fatih University, Head of the Department of International Relations Asst.Prof. Dr. Şaban Kardaş TOBB Economy and Technology University, Department of International Relations Att. Tuncay Kılıç Mayor of Edremit/Balıkesir Assoc. Prof. Dr. Elif Hatun Kılıçbeyli Çukurova University, Head of the Department of International Relations Prof. Dr. Aleksandr Knyazev Kyrgyz Slavic University (Bishkek) Prof. Dr. Alexander Koleşnikov Diplomat Prof. Dr. Erol Kurubaş Kırıkkale University, Head of the Department of International Relations Prof. Dr. Talip Küçükcan Director of Marmara University, Institute of Middle East Studies Arslan Kaya KPMG, Sworn-in Certified Financial Accountant Dr. Hicran Kazancı Iraqi Turkman Front Turkey Representative İzzettin Kerküklü President of Kirkuk Foundation Assoc. Prof. Dr. Mustafa Kibaroğlu Okan University, Head of Department of International Relations Dr. Max Georg Meier Hanns Seidel Foundation, Projects Director (Bishkek) Prof.Dr. Mosa Aziz Al-Mosawa President of Baghdad University (Iraq) Prof. Dr. Mahir Nakip Erciyes University, Faculty of Economic and Administrative Sciences Assoc.Prof.Dr. Tarık Oğuzlu Advisor, Middle East Antalya International Uni. Dep. of Pol. Science and IR Prof.Dr. Çınar Özen Ankara University, Faculty of Political Science, Department of International Relations Murat Özçelik Undersecretary of Public Order and Security Assoc. Prof. Harun Öztürkler Middle East Economies Advisor, Afyon Kocatepe Uni., Dep. of Economics Dr. Bahadır Pehlivantürk TOBB Economy and Technology University, Department of International Relations Prof. Dr. Victor Panin Pyatigorsk University (Pyatigorsk, Russian Federation) Assoc.Prof.Dr. Fırat Purtaş Gazi University Department of Int. Relations, Deputy Secretary General of TÜRKSOY Prof. Suphi Saatçi Secretary-General of Kirkuk Foundation Ersan Sarıkaya Türkmeneli TV (Kirkuk, Iraq) Asst. Prof. Dr. Bayram Sinkaya Middle East Advisor Yıldırım Beyazıt University Assoc.Prof.Dr. İbrahim Sirkeci Reader in Demography and Marketing Regent s College, (London, UK) Dr. Aleksandr Sotnichenko St. Petersburg University (Russian Federation) Zaher Sultan President of Lebanese Turkish Association Dr. Irina Svistunova Russia Strategic Research Center, Turkey-Middle East Studies Expert (Russian Fed.) Asst. Prof. Dr. Mehmet Şahin Advisor, Middle East, Gazi University, Department of International Relations Prof. Dr. Türel Yılmaz Şahin Gazi University, Department of International Relations Mehmet Şüküroğlu Energy Expert Assoc. Prof. Dr. Oktay Tanrısever METU, Department of International Relations Prof. Erol Taymaz Vice President of the METU North Cyprus Campus (TRNC) Prof. Sabri Tekir Dean of İzmir University, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences Dr. Gönül Tol Director of Middle East Institute Turkish Studies (USA) Asst. Prof. Dr. Özlem Tür Advisor, Middle East, METU, Department of International Relations Mehmet Üneş Kastamonu University M. Ragıp Vural General Coordinator of 2023 (Magazine) Dr. Ermanno Visintainer Director of Vox Populi (Rome,Italy) Dr. Umut Uzer Istanbul Technical University, Humanities and Social Sciences Prof. Dr. Vatanyar Yagya St. Petersburg City Council Member, St. Petersburg University (Russian Federation) Dr. Süreyya Yiğit Eurasia Advisor EDITIORIAL BOARD OF MIDDLE EAST STUDIES Meliha Altunışık Middle East Technical University (Turkey) Bülent Aras Ministry of Turkish Foreign Affairs, Head of Center for Strategic Strategic Research Tayyar Arı Uludağ University (Turkey) İlker Aytürk Bilkent University (Turkey) Recep Boztemur Middle East Technical University (Turkey) Katerina Dalacoura London School of Economics (UK) F. Gregory Gause Vermont University (USA) Fawaz Gerges London School of Economics (UK) Ahmet K. Han Kadir Has University (Turkey) Raymond Hinnebusch St. Andrews University (UK) Rosemary Holiis City University (UK) Bahgat Korany Durham University (UK) Peter Mandaville George Mason University (USA) Emma Murphy Durham University (UK) MIDDLE EAST ANALYSIS EDITORIAL BOARD Prof. Dr. Meliha Altunışık Middle East Technical University, Director of Institute of Social Sciences Hasan Kanbolat Director Assoc. Prof. Dr. Hasan Ali Karasar Advisor, Eurasian Strategies Coordinator - Bilkent University Asst. Prof. Dr. Serhat Erkmen Middle East Advisor, Ahi Evran Uni., Head of Dep. of International Relations Report No: 117, April 2012 Report No: 121, May 2012

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